401(k) Withdrawal Calculator
Estimate the federal tax, state tax and 10% early withdrawal penalty on a 401(k) withdrawal and see how much you actually keep.
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About the 401(k) Withdrawal Calculator
Withdrawing from a traditional 401(k) or IRA is taxed as ordinary income, and if you are under age 59½ you usually owe an additional 10% early withdrawal penalty. This calculator estimates federal tax, state tax and the penalty so you can see the cash you will actually receive.
How to use it
- Enter the amount you plan to withdraw and your age.
- Enter your estimated federal and state tax rates on the withdrawal.
- Choose the account type and any penalty exception, then press Calculate withdrawal.
Common penalty exceptions
- Total and permanent disability.
- Separation from service in or after the year you turn 55 (rule of 55, 401(k) only).
- Substantially equal periodic payments (72(t)).
- Unreimbursed medical expenses above a set share of income.
- Certain qualified emergency, birth or adoption distributions, subject to limits.
Ways to avoid a big tax bill
- Withdraw only what you need.
- Consider a 401(k) loan or hardship options instead, if your plan allows.
- Spread withdrawals over several tax years.
- Talk to a tax professional before cashing out.
Frequently asked questions
How much tax do I pay on a 401(k) withdrawal?
Traditional 401(k) withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income at your federal rate plus state tax. Under 59½ you usually add a 10% penalty.
Is there a way to withdraw early without a penalty?
Yes, several exceptions exist, including the rule of 55, disability and some medical costs. Rules are specific, so confirm with your plan.
Are 401(k) withdrawals subject to withholding?
Eligible rollover distributions paid to you typically have 20% federal withholding, which may not equal your final tax.
Can I withdraw from a Roth 401(k)?
Contributions come out tax-free in many cases, but earnings may be taxed and penalized if the distribution is not qualified.
Is it better to take a loan or a withdrawal?
A loan avoids tax and penalty if repaid, but carries repayment risk. A withdrawal is permanent and taxed.
Last reviewed: November 2026. Estimates only, not financial, tax or legal advice.